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w. H. ZAHN. y Mchne for` Making Plated Twist and Cord. N0.'12,845. I Patented May 8,' 18554 `""vitrtuali H Ann.

i "concern," I, n iB@ Ult kHOWll that I; WILLIAM ZAHN,

i kof;` the city, COlintyMlrd "State `of NewYork,

haye f inyented a f new and `usefulf` Improvement in `lliaclnnery fon ,Making v`Covered or Plaited Twistand `Cord@"and, Ijdolhereby declare `thatrthe followingis a full, clear,

' exact description fof` the "same, `reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, forming f EWhdL- :part` ofj` this Mspecificatioin @in *l:,Figureglpislan elevation cfa machine con- Q structed accordlngto my'1nvent1on,land Fig.

\ 2f a vertical section` Same .l Wherfeby Cotton` Ors n n I as itis technically tiermed,xsplaaear `wat Slim sts incertain means This ,invention mp` may be covered, or

` u s silk, orwors'ted; or` any` fibrous `lnaterial1 be covered orplaited with thesalne, `or a different rnateriahganddit desired `a,fterward `laid ftomake cord,f-at"a`single operation.

I; `Io enable thoserskilled inthe artfto maire Y and u'se my inyentiongl jwilllproceedto den, scribe itsconstrucuonpand operation.

r A, is a stationary framing,lin the, center; ofthe bottom `of `which is a journal boXtor t bearin1g,`vr,` for thelcentral hollow f journal, or pivo t-,b,.ofa horizontal; Qrcirf airis desired, `or bebrought to a station-` v `jarycondition, byinserting a `pin, d, through one sidefofthefraniing, AfA, A, `and into s a hole itsperipheryas is shownin Fig. l,

1 l central spindle, @,fof a reel shaped `fiier frame, D,` EBF, G,`which fits easily within l y it so that the flienfrarne may rotate while l s thetablesisfstationaryfor"` the table nlay-rci J tate whilefthe flier `frame is stationaryor I `theulftablevand fliersfralne rotate in opposite directionsas` be; desir`ed.` `The `lower head `ozt" the flier framefis` composed of vtwo v part-s, in-orderxtodorm upper` and lowerV bearings forthe `spindles (ee,), see Fig. 2, of`theiliiers,`]I-I, Ysee Fig. 1,` ofwhicih n there are 4supposed to bexfoun but may bea f greaterlor lessnuinber; Each of. these spinf jjdlescarries aspurv/heeh y, which gears with; a circular raclzlf,nf,` on the table, "B

The hollowwjournal *or pivot, receives within itfthe lowerpart ofthe vertical,

the said rackbeingco-rnposed of afseries of upright studs, lsecurediinlthe table. 1

n.Each flier Carries two vbobbins, n.arlarger one, I," carrying@ the cotton or hempenwarp tolfornn` theyinterio-r `oftheptavist Yor cord,

`sonne partsof the,

n :i letters of `referenceiindicate correspending `partsgin bothfguresq f ornnwbfronrcn YQ, `AssreNon To r. REUTER.

` rilarrrneg AND j 'rwrs'rine com).

V"spe naar eefilettsfraienen;i2,s45,dateaMays,`1855.."

itsaxle, g, supported in the sides ofthe ther, `and `a smaller one, J, parallel with, I, carrying the silk or worsted for the v plaitingor coveringxhaving its aXle,` z', secured at one end in an arm, L, attached to one side ofthe flier.` `The bobbin, I, has a drag produced upon one of itsheads by a small roller,` jcarried by a spring, k, attached to` the `lower part of the flier; and thebobbin, J, has a drag produced ina similar manner by a roller, Z, carriedbya spring, m. t t

Above each bobbin and Hier, there is` a tube, n', `fitted to turn. freely in lthe upper head, "D, of t-he'lier. france,` andstanding in `line with the'axis'of the flier. This tube, n, is best shown at the left hand ofF ig. l, where the head,` D,` is exhibited1 `partly in section to` expose it.V To the `lower end of this tube below the head, D, there `is attached a rod, ,0, entering a loop', 79, at the top of one side of the flier, and also a ,light frame, g, carrying` two rollers, a., a, which may be considered inthe salnelight as n the nippers `of ordinary cordage machines, but has the rollers so arranged that aline inter sectingboth their axes, `is oblique to the airis ofthe flier, finstead of in line, like `when `rollers,are`ernployed asnippers in those InachineS. s ,s

. Above the head, D, for each bobbin, there is `arollerys, whose axle turns in bearings in two f standards,it`, 1t. Thisrollercarries a wheel, u, having teethon` one side gearing with an endless screw, at the `top of the tube,

@and near the tube,n, there is a standard, o, carrying a roller, a. In the center of the `top of the frame A, A, A, thereis a tube, fw. The warps which are represented in `gray color, in Fig. l, may consist each of a snijd cientfnumber of threads or rovings, or ofa single thread orI roving of proper size. Each `passesupward from its bobbin .over its `respective roller af, thence downward., be# tween` the rollers, a, a', and under 1th@ roller, a, where it receives the covering and from whence it ascends .in line with the axisof `the flier through the tube, n, and if ya laid cord is to be made, it passes over the roller, then downward, under the rollers, s, and upward toward the tube, fw, below which the `several covered strands are laid to-` gether. 1 `The covering which is represented in blue color, consists of anumher of `filaments arrangedrtoget-her so `as to lay parallel, and form a iat sliver or ribbon. `Itpasses from the bobbinjto meet the Warn just Qn the der side of the roller a, and passes between the warp and the bobbin.

In making laid cord composed of covered strands, the table, B, is usually made stationary by inserting the pin, d, as before described, and rotary motion is communicated to the spindle, C, of the flier frame, through a crank, L, pulley, or their equivalent, secured to it below the framing. The Hier frame being fast on its spindle rotates with it, and the wheels, y, of the fliers, by revolving in gear with the stationary rack, f, receive rotary motion on their own axes, and cause the fliers, H, to rotate. The tubes,

' n, and the roller frames, q, are caused to rotate with the fliers, by the connection with the rods, o, and the endless screw, z, at the top of the tubes gives motion to the rollers, s, which draw off the warps from their bobbins.

'Ihe rotary motion of the fliers, gives a slight twist to the warps as lthey are unwound from their bobbins, by the rollers, s, and at the same time causes the covering or plaiting sliver or ribbon to be wound around them. Both the warp and the covering are kept at a proper degree of tightness during the operation by the drag of the rollers, z', and Z, on their bobbins. In order to regulate this drag it may be necessary to apply screws to the springs, c, and, Z, as shown at 6, applied to, c. The winding on of the covering or plaiting takes place where it first meets the warp, and as it takes place always at the same point, must be uniform.

The covering is laid smooth by passing between the warp and the roller, a, as the winding is performed. The rotary motion of the flier frame lays and twists the several covered strands together and forms the cord in substantially the same manner as common cordage is formed in machines heretofore employed for that purpose.

The cord as it is made is supposed to be wound on a reel whose operation is so controlled as to keep it always drawn tight. The size of the rollers, s, will have to be varied to suit different sizes of twist, as the velocity of their peripheries should always be just sufficient to take up the twist as it is termed as fast as it is covered. A larger warp will require a larger roller, and vice versa.

If it is only required to make plaited twist such as is used for tassels, fringes, &c., the several warps instead of being laid together after they are covered should be conducted to separate reels, as each in itself constitutes what is known as plaited twist. In that case, however, the flier frame should be made stationary by removing the pin (Z, 'from the table, B, where it is shown in the drawing and passing it through the framing at a higher point where it will enter a hole j, in the part F, of the flier frame. The crank L,

or its equivalent must then be secured to the pivot, of the table instead of to the spindle C, as in the previously described operation. The flier frame now being stationary the revolution of the table B, will cause the rack, f, to give rotary motion to the fliers severally upon their own axes. In order to attach the crank, L, to the spindle, C, and detach it from the pivot, b, or vice versa as may be desired, I t the lower part of its hub or eye to the former, and the upper part to the latter, and furnish it with two binding screws, 8 and 9, one opposite the former, and the other opposite the latter, and screw up one and unscrew the other of said screws as may be desired.

For making very small cord an increased speed may be given to the bobbins and fliers, by bringing into operation a small toothed pinion M, see Fig. l, between the rack, f, and a rack, l0, which is above the said rack, f, on the part, F, of the fiier frame, at the same time removing the pin, (Z, altogether from the machine, and securing the crank or its equivalent to the spindle, C. The rotary motion of the flier frame, will then, through the pinion M, and racks, f, and, l0, give motion to the table, B, at the samespeed as, but in the opposite direction to the flier frame, and by that means, the velocity of the wheels, y, y, of the fliers, and consequently of the fliers themselves, will be doubled.

In making covered or plaited cord, this machine does at one operation, what by the usual process of manufacture requires five distinct operations; and I have estimated that by it the manufacture can be carried on in less than one-thirtieth of the space required for the same amount of work, by the means now in use.

The operation will be still further expedited by employing two or more bobbins, f, in each flier, to carry the covering material, each of the said bobbins, being arranged and operating like the single one represented and described.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,

The within described arrangement for driving the fliers, consisting of the circular rack, f, gearing with their spur wheels, y, y, said rack being on a table, B, which has a central pivot, through which the spindle of the flier frame passes, whereby the' fliers are set in operation whether the flier frame, or the table revolves, and are enabled to receive merely a rotary movement on their own axes for making twist, or such rotary movement combined with a revolution around a common axes for making cord, as herein fully set forth.

IVILLIAM H. ZAHN. Witnesses:

S. H. WALES, I. G. MASON. 

